Peran Penggunaan Google Classroom terhadap Pengembangan Metakognisi Peserta Didik: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Abstract
Google Classroom dan LMS sejenis sekarang dipakai di mana-mana. Namun, sebenarnya belum banyak bukti kuat yang menunjukkan bahwa platform ini benar-benar bisa mengembangkan metakognisi peserta didik. Bahkan, klaim-klaim yang ada seringkali terlalu berlebihan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan bukti empiris tentang pengaruh Google Classroom terhadap metakognisi, mengidentifikasi fitur-fitur yang berpotensi, menganalisis kelemahan metodologis penelitian terkait, dan memberikan saran pedagogis. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis dengan pencarian di Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan ERIC untuk periode 2016-2026. Dari 14.200 artikel awal, 20 artikel memenuhi syarat dan dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil Kajian menunjukkan bahwa Google Classroom berpotensi mendukung metakognisi melalui fitur-fitur seperti daftar tugas, rubrik penilaian, bank komentar, dan integrasi Kalender. Namun, efektivitasnya sangat bergantung pada instruksi yang jelas dan bimbingan reflektif dari pengajar. Kajian ini juga menemukan bahwa banyak penelitian yang memiliki kelemahan metodologis, seperti desain pretest-posttest satu kelompok, instrumen laporan diri yang tidak standar, dan ketidakmampuan untuk memisahkan efek Google Classroom dari strategi pembelajaran lainnya. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Google Classroom dapat memfasilitasi strategi pedagogis metakognisi, tetapi tidak menentukan keberhasilan peserta didik.
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