Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika melalui Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) di Sekolah Dasar: Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Matematika mempunyai peranan penting dalam ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, baik sebagai alat dalam penerapan bidang lain maupun dalam pengembangan matematika itu sendiri. Guru juga dituntut untuk menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran matematika siswa. Salah satu pendekatan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa yang memungkinkan siswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematikanya adalah Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan sintesis data terhadap 21 artikel yang terpilih melalui proses telaah sistematis, artikel-artikel tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam dua kategori utama berdasarkan cakupan materi matematika yang dibahas. Kategori pertama mencakup sebanyak 10 artikel yang secara khusus mengkaji materi matematika tertentu secara mendalam, seperti bangun ruang, pecahan, aritmetika, geometri, serta statistika. Dan kategori kedua terdiri atas 11 artikel berorientasi pada penguatan keterampilan berpikir matematis secara luas, seperti pemecahan masalah, berpikir kritis matematis, berpikir kreatif matematis, penalaran spasial, dan menumbuhkan karakter. Hal tersebut menggambarkan minimnya penelitian yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematika dengan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) di Sekolah Dasar.
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