Analysis of The Application of The STEAM Approach to Learning In Indonesia: Contributions to Physics Education
Abstract
Optimizing the learning process in achieving student development requires a special strategy in learning. The strategy can be run by applying the STEAM learning model. The STEAM learning process is expected to prepare the next generation to be ready to face the times, helping to develop innovations in life. The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of STEAM learning in Indonesia, especially the contribution to physics education. The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative through the study of relevant literature with the objectives of the research conducted. The result of this study is that STEAM can be integrated into various learning subjects and levels of education. In addition, the application of STEAM can help develop the skills of students in the 21st century along with technological developments and increasing demands in modern times. In physics learning, the implementation of STEAM can make students actively involved in the teaching and learning process of physics. Students will be involved in ongoing learning and will assist students in finding solutions to the problems given. This has a positive impact because it can improve creative, critical thinking skills and make it easier for students to understand concepts. The implementation of STEAM in international education is very good, for STEAM learning in Indonesia is still lacking. This is because in implementing STEAM learning, you must have special skills to teach it. Thus, it is very important to develop STEAM starting from human resources and appropriate learning materials.
Abstract View: 1393 
PDF Download: 861
Similarity Check Download: 54
References
Agyei, D. D., & Voogt, J. (2012). Developing technological pedagogical content knowledge in pre-service mathematics teachers through collaborative design. Australasian journal of educational technology, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.827
Akturk, A. A., & Demircan, H. O. (2017). A review of studies on STEM and STEAM education in early childhood. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (KEFAD), 18(2), 757-776.
Alifa, D.M, Fatimah, A, & Resti, P .(2018). Penerapan metode stem (science, technology, engineering, mathematic) berbasis proyek untuk meningkatkan kreativitas peserta didik sma kelas xi pada materi gas ideal. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Sains, pp. 88-91. https://jurnal.fkip.uns.ac.id/index.php/snps/article/download/12485/8808
Andriani, A. (2020). Bandul si alarm gempa produk implementasi steam dalam pembelajaran fisika berbasis inquiry pada kelas XI Mia 4. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Sains, 6-10. https://doi.org/10.33059/gravitasi.jpfs.v3i01.2312
Anggraeni, R. E. (2021, March). The analysis of the development of the 5E-STEAM learning model to improve critical thinking skills in natural science lesson. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1832, No. 1, p. 012050). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1832/1/012050
Anisimova, T., Sabirova, F., & Shatunova, O. (2020). Formation of design and research competencies in future teachers in the framework of STEAM education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 15(2), 204-217. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i02.11537
Atmojo, I. R. W. (2020). Implementasi pembelajaran berbasis science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics (steam) untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional guru sd melalui metode lesson study. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/jpd.v8i2.44214
Bada, S. O., & Olusegun, S. (2015). Constructivism learning theory: A paradigm for teaching and learning. Journal of Research & Method in Education, 5(6), 66-70.
Bahrum, S., Wahid, N., & Ibrahim, N. (2017). Integration of STEM education in Malaysia and why to STEAM. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(6), 645-654. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i6/3027
Bassachs, M., Cañabate, D., Nogué, L., Serra, T., Bubnys, R., & Colomer, J. (2020). Fostering critical reflection in primary education through STEAM approaches. Education sciences, 10(12), 384. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10120384
Bertrand, M. G., & Namukasa, I. K. (2020). STEAM education: student learning and transferable skills. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-01-2020-0003
Boud, D., Keogh, R., & Walker, D. (2013). Introduction: What is Reflection in Learning?. In Reflection: Turning experience into learning (pp. 7-17). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315059051
Boy, G. A. (2013, August). From STEM to STEAM: toward a human-centred education, creativity & learning thinking. In Proceedings of the 31st European conference on cognitive ergonomics (pp. 1-7). https://doi.org/10.1145/2501907.2501934
Chen, L., Yoshimatsu, N., Goda, Y., Okubo, F., Taniguchi, Y., Oi, M., & Yamada, M. (2019). Direction of collaborative problem solving-based STEM learning by learning analytics approach. Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 14(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0119-y
Cheng, K. H., & Tsai, C. C. (2013). Affordances of augmented reality in science learning: Suggestions for future research. Journal of science education and technology, 22(4), 449-462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-012-9405-9
Chung, C. C., Lin, C. L., & Lou, S. J. (2018). Analysis of the learning effectiveness of the STEAM-6E special course—a case study about the creative design of IoT assistant devices for the elderly. Sustainability, 10(9), 3040. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093040
Collins, A., Brown, J. S., & Newman, S. E. (2018). Cognitive apprenticeship: Teaching the crafts of reading, writing, and mathematics. In Knowing, learning, and instruction (pp. 453-494). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315044408-14
Connor, A., Karmokar, S., & Whittington, C. (2015). From STEM to STEAM: Strategies for enhancing engineering & technology education. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v5i2.4458
Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2018). From STEM to STEAM: How to monitor creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 30(3), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1488195
Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2020). STEAM teaching professional development works: Effects on students’ creativity and motivation. Smart Learning Environments, 7(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-020-00132-9.
Cook, K. L., & Bush, S. B. (2018). Design thinking in integrated STEAM learning: Surveying the landscape and exploring examples in elementary grades. School Science and Mathematics, 118(3-4), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12268
DeJarnette, N. K. (2018). Early childhood STEAM: Reflections from a year of STEAM initiatives implemented in a high-needs primary school. Education, 139(2), 96-112.
Docktor, J. L., & Mestre, J. P. (2014). Synthesis of discipline-based education research in physics. Physical Review Special Topics-Physics Education Research, 10(2), 020119. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTPER.10.020119
Erdogan, I., & Ciftci, A. (2017). Investigating the Views of Pre-Service Science Teachers on STEM Education Practices. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 12(5), 1055-1065.
Gerde, H. K., Schachter, R. E., & Wasik, B. A. (2013). Using the scientific method to guide learning: An integrated approach to early childhood curriculum. Early childhood education journal, 41(5), 315-323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-013-0579-4
Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., Hermansyah, H., & Herayanti, L. (2019). Guided inquiry model through virtual laboratory to enhance students science process skills on heat concept. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 38(2), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.23345
Guyotte, K. W., Sochacka, N. W., Costantino, T. E., Kellam, N. N., & Walther, J. (2015). Collaborative creativity in STEAM: Narratives of art education students’ experiences in transdisciplinary spaces. International journal of education & the arts, 16(15).
Hadinugrahaningsih, T., Rahmawati, Y., & Ridwan, A. (2017, August). Developing 21st century skills in chemistry classrooms: Opportunities and challenges of STEAM integration. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1868, No. 1, p. 030008). AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4995107
Hafiz, N. R. M., & Ayop, S. K. (2019). Engineering Design Process in Stem Education: A Systematic. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(5), 676-697.
Harris, A., & De Bruin, L. R. (2018). Secondary school creativity, teacher practice and STEAM education: An international study. Journal of Educational Change, 19(2), 153-179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-017-9311-2
Hattie, J., Fisher, D., Frey, N., Gojak, L. M., Moore, S. D., & Mellman, W. (2016). Visible learning for mathematics, grades K-12: What works best to optimize student learning. Corwin Press.
Henriksen, D., Mehta, R., & Mehta, S. (2019). Design thinking gives STEAM to teaching: A framework that breaks disciplinary boundaries. In STEAM education (pp. 57-78). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04003-1_4
Hermawan, I. (2019). Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan (Kualitatif, Kuantitatif dan Mixed Method). Hidayatul Quran.
Herro, D., & Quigley, C. (2017). Exploring teachers’ perceptions of STEAM teaching through professional development: implications for teacher educators. Professional Development in Education, 43(3), 416-438. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2016.1205507
Hong, O. (2017). STEAM education in Korea: Current policies and future directions. Science and Technology Trends Policy Trajectories and Initiatives in STEM Education, 8(2), 92-102.
How, M. L., & Hung, W. L. D. (2019). Educing AI-thinking in science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education. Education Sciences, 9(3), 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030184
Hsiao, P. W., & Su, C. H. (2021). A study on the impact of STEAM education for sustainable development courses and its effects on student motivation and learning. Sustainability, 13(7), 3772. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073772
Jacques, L. A., Cian, H., Herro, D. C., & Quigley, C. (2020). The impact of questioning techniques on STEAM instruction. Action in Teacher Education, 42(3), 290-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/01626620.2019.1638848
Jamil, F. M., Linder, S. M., & Stegelin, D. A. (2018). Early childhood teacher beliefs about STEAM education after a professional development conference. Early childhood education journal, 46(4), 409-417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-017-0875-5
Jesionkowska, J., Wild, F., & Deval, Y. (2020). Active learning augmented reality for STEAM education—A case study. Education Sciences, 10(8), 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10080198
Jho, H., Hong, O., & Song, J. (2016). An analysis of STEM/STEAM teacher education in Korea with a case study of two schools from a community of practice perspective. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 12(7), 1843-1862. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2016.1538a
Kang, N. H. (2019). A review of the effect of integrated STEM or STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics) education in South Korea. Asia-Pacific Science Education, 5(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41029-019-0034-y
Katz-Buonincontro, J. (2018). Gathering STE (A) M: Policy, curricular, and programmatic developments in arts-based science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education Introduction to the special issue of Arts Education Policy Review: STEAM Focus. Arts Education Policy Review, 119(2), 73-76. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2017.1407979
Kemendikbudristek.(2021). STEAM: Pendekatan Pembelajaran Guna Mengembangkan Keterampilan Abad 21. https://ditsmp.kemdikbud.go.id/.
Kemdikbud. (2013). Materi Pelatihan Guru: Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 SMA/MA, SMK/MAK Matematika. Jakarta: Kemdikbud.
Kereluik, K., Mishra, P., Fahnoe, C., & Terry, L. (2013). What knowledge is of most worth: Teacher knowledge for 21st century learning. Journal of digital learning in teacher education, 29(4), 127-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/21532974.2013.10784716
Kim, Y., & Park, N. (2012). Development and application of STEAM teaching model based on the Rube Goldberg’s invention. In Computer science and its applications (pp. 693-698). Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5699-1_70
Kismawardani, A., & Hariyono, E. (2022). Science Technology Engineering Arts Mathematics (STEAM) Approach for Learning Science in Junior High School. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v3i1.101
Koehler, M. J., Mishra, P., Akcaoglu, M., & Rosenberg, J. M. (2013). The technological pedagogical content knowledge framework for teachers and teacher educators. ICT integrated teacher education: A resource book, 2-7.
Lestari, S. (2021). Pengembangan Orientasi Keterampilan Abad 21 pada Pembelajaran Fisika melalui Pembelajaran PjBL-STEAM Berbantuan Spectra-Plus. Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 6 (3), 272-278. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v6i3.243
Lestari, S., Hamsia, W., & Setiyawan, R. (2021). Learning Adaptation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muhammadiyah Inclusion Schools. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 15(2), 320-328. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i2.19863
Liliawati, W., Rusnayati, H. Purwanto, & Aristantia, G.(2018). Implementation of STEAM Education to Improve Mastery Concept. IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering, 288(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/288/1/012148
Madden, M. E., Baxter, M., Beauchamp, H., Bouchard, K., Habermas, D., Huff, M., ... & Plague, G. (2013). Rethinking STEM education: An interdisciplinary STEAM curriculum. Procedia Computer Science, 20, 541-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2013.09.316
Mamurov, B. (2019). Scientific basis of the acmeological approach to the process of training and education. Scientific Journal of Polonia University, 33(2), 125-128. https://doi.org/10.23856/3313
Mangold, J., & Robinson, S. (2013, June). The engineering design process as a problem solving and learning tool in K-12 classrooms. In 2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition (pp. 23-1196).
Mardlotillah, A., Nurmaisyah., & Dimyati. (2020). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Steam Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Pada Siswa Kelas V Mi Hidayatul Mubtadi’in Jagalempeni. Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, 7 (2), 157-167.
Mishra, L., Gupta, T., & Shree, A. (2020). Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1, 100012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100012
Mu'minah, I. H. (2020). Implementasi STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics) dalam pembelajaran abad 21. Bio Educatio, 5(1), 377702. https://doi.org/10.31949/be.v5i1.2105
Nanda, W. (2022). Pengaruh model pjbl (project based learning) dengan pendekatan steam (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) terhadap kemampuan computational thinking pada pelajaran fisika (Doctoral dissertation, Uin Raden Intan Lampung).
Nasrah, N. (2021). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Steam (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, And Mathematics) Pada Siswa Kelas IV SD. JKPD (Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Dasar), 6(1), 1-13.
Nugraheni, A. D. (2019, September). Penguatan Pendidikan Bagi Generasi Alfa Melalui Pembelajaran Steam Berbasis Loose Parts Pada Paud. In Seminar Nasional Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran 2019 (pp. 512-518).
Nurhasanah, A., & Zelela, M. S. (2021). Penerapan Pembelajaran Inovatif STEAM di Sekolah Dasar. JIKAP PGSD: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kependidikan, 5(2), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.26858/jkp.v5i2.20309
Nurhikmayati, I. (2019). Implementasi STEAM Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika. Jurnal Didactical Mathematics, 1(2), 41-50. https://doi.org/10.31949/dmj.v1i2.1508
Ozkan, G., & Umdu Topsakal, U. (2021). Exploring the effectiveness of STEAM design processes on middle school students’ creativity. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 31(1), 95-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-019-09547-z
Pasani, C. F., & Amelia, R. (2021, March). Introduction of the integrative STEAM approach as a learning innovation in the COVID-19 pandemic in South Kalimantan. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1832, No. 1, p. 012029). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1832/1/012029
Perignat, E., & Katz-Buonincontro, J. (2019). STEAM in practice and research: An integrative literature review. Thinking skills and creativity, 31, 31-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2018.10.002
Pitsoe, V. J., & Maila, W. M. (2012). Towards constructivist teacher professional development. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(3), 318-324. https://doi.org/10.3844/jssp.2012.318.324
Pujiati, A.( 2020). Penerapan Pendekatan STEAM Pada Materi Struktur Atom Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Kimia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains,1(1), 258-261.
Putra, I. G. W., Agustini, K., & Sudatha, I. G. W. (2021, July). Tren dan Implementasi Blended Learning pada Bidang STEAM: Kajian Studi di Indonesia. In Seminar Nasional Teknologi Pembelajaran (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1-13).
Putri, S. U., & Taqiudin, A. A. (2021). Steam-PBL: Strategi Pengembangan Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(2), 856-867. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i2.1270
Quigley, C. F., & Herro, D. (2016). “Finding the joy in the unknown”: Implementation of STEAM teaching practices in middle school science and math classrooms. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(3), 410-426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-016-9602-z
Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., & Jamil, F. M. (2017). Developing a conceptual model of STEAM teaching practices. School science and mathematics, 117(1-2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12201
Rahmawati, Y., Ridwan, A., & Hadinugrahaningsih, T. (2019). Developing critical and creative thinking skills through STEAM integration in chemistry learning. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1156, No. 1, p. 012033). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1156/1/012033
Ramdhan, M. (2021). Metode Penelitian. Cipta Media Nusantara.
Rinke, C. R., Gladstone‐Brown, W., Kinlaw, C. R., & Cappiello, J. (2016). Characterizing STEM teacher education: Affordances and constraints of explicit STEM preparation for elementary teachers. School Science and Mathematics, 116(6), 300-309. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12185
Roehl, A., Reddy, S. L., & Shannon, G. J. (2013). The flipped classroom: An opportunity to engage millennial students through active learning strategies. Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, 105(2), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.14307/JFCS105.2.12
Sa’ida, N.(202)1. Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Steam Pada Pembelajaran Daring. Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Hasil Penelitian, 7 (2), 123-128. https://doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v7n2.p123-128
Safriana, S., Ginting, F. W., & Khairina, K. (2022). Pengaruh model project based learning berbasis steam terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada materi alat-alat optik di sma. Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan, 6(1), 127-136.
Sen, C., Ay, Z. S., & Kiray, S. A. (2021). Computational thinking skills of gifted and talented students in integrated STEM activities based on the engineering design process: The case of robotics and 3D robot modeling. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 42, 100931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100931
Serevina. (2018). Pengembangan penilaian kinerja peserta didik berbasis pendekatan saintifik untuk praktikum fisika dasar pada materi gerak harmonik sederhana. Jurnal Fisika, 1013 (12051), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.12928/jrkpf.v5i2.9951
Setiyawin, R. R., & Sulistyaningrum, H. (2021, July). Implementation of STEAM-PjBL to increase learning outcomes of grade vi elementary school students. In Proceeding of International Conference in Education, Science and Technology (pp. 361-368).
Shatunova, O., Anisimova, T., Sabirova, F., & Kalimullina, O. (2019). STEAM as an innovative educational technology. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(2), 131-144.
Singh, M. (2021). Acquisition of 21st century skills through STEAM education. Academia Letters, 2, 712. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL712
Smetana, L. K., & Bell, R. L. (2012). Computer simulations to support science instruction and learning: A critical review of the literature. International Journal of Science Education, 34(9), 1337-1370. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2011.605182
Soh, T. M. T., Arsad, N. M., & Osman, K. (2010). The relationship of 21st century skills on students’ attitude and perception towards physics. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 7, 546-554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.10.073
Suganda, E., Latifah, S., Sari, P. M., Rahmayanti, H., Ichsan, I. Z., & Rahman, M. M. (2021, February). STEAM and Environment on students’ creative-thinking skills: A meta-analysis study. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1796, No. 1, p. 012101). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1796/1/012101
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&D, dan Penelitian Pendidikan. Bandung : Alfabeta.
T Frisca, N. S. (2021). Pengaruh model pembelajaran scramble berbasis steam (science, technology, engineering, art, mathematics) terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis ditinjau dari gaya belajar (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Raden Intan Lampung).
Tabiin, A. (2020). Implementation of steam method (science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics) for early childhood developing in kindergarten mutiara paradise pekalongan. Early Childhood Research Journal (ECRJ), 2(2), 36-49. https://doi.org/10.23917/ecrj.v2i2.9903
Turiman, P., Omar, J., Daud, A. M., & Osman, K. (2012). Fostering the 21st century skills through scientific literacy and science process skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 59, 110-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.253
Unluer, S. (2012). Being an insider researcher while conducting case study research. Qualitative Report, 17, 58.
Van Leeuwen, A., Janssen, J., Erkens, G., & Brekelmans, M. (2015). Teacher regulation of cognitive activities during student collaboration: Effects of learning analytics. Computers & Education, 90, 80-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.09.006
Wahono, B., Lin, P. L., & Chang, C. Y. (2020). Evidence of STEM enactment effectiveness in Asian student learning outcomes. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00236-1
Watson, A. D., & Watson, G. H. (2013). Transitioning STEM to STEAM: Reformation of engineering education. Journal for Quality and Participation, 36(3), 1-5.
Winarno, N., Rusdiana, D., Samsudin, A., Susilowati, E., Ahmad, N. J., & AFİFAH, R. M. A. (2020). The steps of the Engineering Design Process (EDP) in science education: A systematic literature review. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8(4), 1345-1360. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.766201
Yakman, G., & Lee, H. (2012). Exploring the exemplary STEAM education in the US as a practical educational framework for Korea. Journal of the korean Association for Science Education, 32(6), 1072-1086. https://doi.org/10.14697/jkase.2012.32.6.1072
Zainuddin, Z., & Halili, S. H. (2016). Flipped classroom research and trends from different fields of study. International review of research in open and distributed learning, 17(3), 313-340. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i3.2274
Zubaidah, S. (2019, September). STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics): Pembelajaran untuk memberdayakan keterampilan abad ke-21. In Seminar Nasional Matematika Dan Sains, September (pp. 1-18).
Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Current Educational Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Abstract viewed = 1393 times
PDF downloaded = 861 times
Similarity Check downloaded = 54 times
